Recoil-loading pistol



J. NICKL.

RECOIL LOADING PISTOL.

APPLICATION FILED IuIIE 16,*192I.

Patentd Sept. 5, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

,I Y I J. NICKL.

RECOIL LO'ADlNG PISTOL.

APPLICATION HLEn1uNE1e,1921.

Patente Sept. 5, i922..

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. NICK..

RECOIL LOADING PISTOL.

APPLICATION FILED IIIIIE I6, 1921 l ,427,966 Patented Sp. 5, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

J. NICKL.

RECOIL LOADING PISTOL.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, 1921.

Patendsept.' 5, 1922.

. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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UNlTEo'srA- Tes PATENTorFicEg Josas Nrcxn, or omnnonr-on-mn-Nncxen, anam'nr, nssIGNon 'ro wurm. mann; Invent, AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, orA omNDonF-oN-m-Nnegna,

' GERMANY.

Application led lune 18, 1821. Serial No. 478,208.

To allwhomitmay concern:

Be it known that I, Josu' NicixL, a citizen of the German Republic, residing at-No. 8 of Hauptstrasse, in the cit of Oberndorf-on-the-Neckar, Germany, ave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Recoil-Loading Pistols (for whlch I have led a plications in Germany, Alu st 30, 1915, atent No. 300,159; April 1916, Patent No. 300,160, and May 15, 1917, Patent No. 301,605; France, :March 31, 1921, Patent No. 533,143; Belglum, March 31, 1921; Spain, March' 30,1921, Patent No.. 77,641; Sweden, March 23, l1921; Italy, March 29, 1921 all in the name of the firm Waienfabrik hiauser, Aktiengesellschaft, of Oberndorff-on-the-Neckar, Germany, with m knowledge and consent, and `for which have also led applications in Austria, August 28, 1916, Patent No. 79,078; Hungary, August 29, 1916, Patent No. 76,158, and February 3, 1920; Turkey, September 10, 1918; Czecho-Slovakia, January 29, 1920, Patent No. 1,862, and February 20, 1920, Patent No. 4,7 98; Rumania, March 23,1920; Poland, March 27,

to cause the barrel to rotate for the vpurposev above mentioned.

M invention relates to certain improvemengs in or in connection with a breechmechanism of the above kind and the object of my invention is to provide a pistol of the above type, whereinl the gear or motion for vimparting to the barrel the aforesaid rotary displacement comprises a .guiding boss or lug on the barrel engagmg a curve-:faced groove of the member or bearing which is mounted in the grip-stock and 1920; .Jugo-Slavia; March 30, 1921 (Case I), and March 30,1921

capable of axial displacement and which after firing runs bac a short distance in order to bring about the"rotation of the barrel.

A further object of my invention` is to provide .a mechanism, in which the suitably curved side ,facesr of the said guiding'lu on the barrelalternatel engage with guiding ribs on the inner wa l of the breech slide in order to limit the rotary movement of the barrel. An advantage thereof .resides in the fact that the guiding faces of the lug are not exposed to any direct thrust or shock-action at firing andthe barrel is always suitably and correctly rotated, guided. and stopped with'out ever becoming loose, even 1n case of excessive use and of a large calibre of the pistol. For that reason the new .breech mechanism is also adapted for use 1n pistols of largest calibre and of a small handy size, without affecting or impairing the precision of the shot, the proper and correct Working or operating of-the movable parts and the length of the life of the pistol.

A further object (of my invention is to provide a mechanism in which the displacevment of the bearing or guiding member cooperating with the said guiding lug is limited, on the one hand, by one end on said guiding member runningagainsta shoulder of the grip-stock and, on theo'ther hand, by a guiding pin or stud of particular shape an arrangement engaging with the guiding member. v v

A still further object of my invention is' to provide a mechanism of the kind described in which the said guidin pin or be slipped in or -inserted 'into the gripstock in such a manner that the said slide, when fully slipped in, acts to lock the guiding pin and at the same time or in turn is locked by the latter so as to be prevented vGli `stop is connected with a slide a apted to from any accidental dispiacement. In a construction of this kind the guiding pin acting as a stop may be arranged to extend across over the full width .of thegrip-stock and to thus afford relatively large faces for the impact of the said bearing or guiding member, whereby any 'olting or up-setting at firing is avoided. lli

oreover Y the pin or stud is thereby prevented from slipping out accidentally notwithstanding the fact that the construction permits the pin to be easily vtaken out and, therefore, the pistol to be readily dismounted. To this end the pin or stud is provided with projections or ears at one end engaging an undercut groove of the said slide, a spring being provided to keep the parts under tension. The said groove or grooves are enlarged or recessed at one end in such' a manner that the .pins

ears when upon displacement the parts as-4 sume a certain position relatively to each other, can leave the cove or grooves, entering atv the same time the recessed part of the latter, so that both the slide and the pin are firmly connected With each other and cannot be separated or displaced rela- ',tively to each other. This connected relation of the two parts exists at the time when the slide is fully slipped in or inserted into its receiving grooves in the grip-stock. As

- guidin member after firing is impeded by some o stacle, such as sand or the like, andthe barrel and breech-slide. are untimel unlocked thereby so that the pistol is liab e to be soiled by the powder gases. In order to do away with this inconvenience, the guiding member is further provided with a resilient locking means, such as a catchspring, which, when the istol is locked, engages in a slot of the arrel to lock the same and cannot be released therefrom unless the pistol is ositively locked under the co-operation of t e guiding member striking against the stationary shoulder of the grip-stock acting to stop the stroke ofthe guiding member in rearward direction.

In the accompanying drawings, which are intended merely to illustrate a practical embodiment of the principles of my invention without limiting the scope of the same to the construction shown.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pistol with the breech locked,

Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section on the line 2--2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 isA a' view similar to Figure 1 with the breech unlocked and the breech slide 'in its rear position,

Figure 4 is a vertical section' on the line 4-4 of Figure 3,

Figures '5 and v5are detail views showing the guidingl boss on lug in alternate positois with regard to the wall of the breechs 1 e.

-\ Figure 12 is an elevation of the muzzleend of the pistol, showing the slide/over the abutting pin in front view, l -4 Figures 13 and 14 show a side view and a 'front view of the slide, and Figure 15 shows a section on line 15-15 of Figure 14.

Figure 16V is an end view of the slide, y F igure`17 a section on the line 17-17 ofl Figure 14.-, Figures l-8and 20 are top views of the slide and the pin, showing the two parts interlocked and released.

-Figures 19 and 21 areside views thereof, Fi res 22- to 24 are cross-sections of the pisto on .an enlarged scale and with the parts shown in the preceding figures in different relative positions,

Figure 25 is a similar cross-sectional View showing a modification of the pin arrangement,

Figures 26 to 35 are views of the arrangement of the catch-spring in connection with a recoil-loading, hammer-actuated pistol; in particular, y

Figure 26 is an elevation of the pistol with certain' parts broken away, Figure 27 is a cross-section thereof.

Figure 28 is an illustration of the barrel alone, seen from below,

YFigures 29 to 32 are a longitudinal section, a top view and two end views, respectively, of the' guiding member with the guiding groove, and

Figures 33 to 35 are a side view, a `top View and two end views respectively of the` catch-spring.

In the constructions shownl the locking lugs orbosses Z1 and Zz are located diametrically opposite each other near the front end of the rear has a reater diameter than the front thereof, while the located farther bac art iding lug or boss 3 is about in the middle of ythe part l0 and in the middle between the two lugs l1 and Z2 taken circumferentially.

part Z0 of the barrel l which I as far as the frontend of the breech-slide so as to allow the locking lugs, when unlocked,`

to freely pass therethrough at the return movement of the breech-slide. Locking and unlocking are brought about in theknown manner by positively imparting .to the bar-.

rel through the'en agement o ts guiding lug in a correspon ingly shaped groove or bearing, a rotation in forward direction and a rotation in backward direction, whereby the locking lugs are caused to either enter the grooves 1 and 2 or, in leaving same,

.V enter` the longitudinal grooves yl and i2.

In the ,constructions shown in Figures 1 to 10 of the drawings the locking lugs have bevelled or inclined engaging faces and the bevel or inclination thereof is in accordance -with a thread face of a relatively low pitch acting for automatic locking whereas the guiding lu -has a sufficiently high or steep. pitch to a ord an easy and ready unlocking, especially in the event of manual operatlon.

In the extension g1 of the grip-stock g1 a bearing with a guiding track for the guiding lu Z3 is provided consisting of a member h, the ower sleeve shaped part h1 of which lies .in a bore of said extension g1, the top part h2 thereof having a curved guiding track or groove h3 shaped 'to conform to the contour of the guiding lug Z5. The memberl t is so arranged within said extension g1 as to be displaceable in axial relation, the movements thereof in one direction being limited by the vertical face or shoulder g2 of the grip-stock g and the movements in the other direction'being confined by a stud z2 projecting from below into a slot h* in the sleeve h1 of the guiding member h. A

u The operation is as follows: After firing, the guiding member L and the barrel interlocked with the breech-slide recoil freely until the movement of the'member h is checked by the shoulder g2; and while the member l jz, the member h is returned to its forward position by the impact of the breech located in the near part of the breech-slide; that is,

. the position in which the stud z2 engages with the- ,rear edge of the slot k* whereby the barreci/s rotated to move back so far as t'o allow of the lugs entering the grooves 1 and 2 for the locking purpose. The rotary movements of the barrel in forward and backward directions are limited or controlled by the side faces of the guiding lug,

in the one or the other position, engaging with the lower guiding ribs i? and The said side faces of -the lug also act to positively guide the. barrel on the recoil and return movements of the breech-slide.

The extent of the rotation of the barrel or the width of the guiding lug is' so chosen that-the lug does not engage with' the corres onding rib and. rotationis not stopped be ore the barrel end is tightly pressed against-the front faceo'f the breech. It is obvious' that in this construction the barrel is, so to say, coupled with the breech under the action and control of a screw whereby a powerful and tight connection and closure are secured. On the `vother hand the unf coupling or opening of the closure isbrought about wlthout any sudden thrust or blow, as described, b allowing the locked system to perform, a ter firing owing to the vInovaility of the guiding ,member It, an initial movement prior to t e beginning of the un-A locking operation. The reciprocal movability of the guiding member, though of a short stroke only, still rendersv the breech construction suitable and applicable in pistols of any calibre or bore and for cartridges fof any practically desirable charge, the more so since the pitch rofthe guiding lug and of thel locking lugs maybe varied to comply with calibre and charge.

In the modificatioushown in Figures y11 to 25 the guiding member k likewise has a guiding groove for the lug Z3 in its upper part and is subject to a reciprocal movement at firing. `The bottom part of the member h has a curved recess for the reception of the stud e2. The latter is of cylindrical or pin shape and is mounted horizontally across the said recess, as shown in Figure 11. One end of the stud is cut out to pro vide ears a lying within the4 undercut groove or grooves b of the slide c. In a bore of the stud or pin z2 there is a spring d tending to force the stud or pin outwards away from the slide c. The roove b is undercut at both sides and is en arged or recessed at the end where the guiding ribs e are provided, to form a circular recess f, so that the ears of the stud or pin z2, when the vparts are mutually displaced and the recess f'assumes a position in front of the said ears, are free to move outwards and engage in the recess f and to come in contact with the ends of the groove walls that are interrupted by said recess f, see Figures 18 and 19. External stops may be provided to prevent the stud from' protruding totally. By exerting a pressure on the stud towards the slide c the ears a are removed from the recess f to again allow of a displacement of the parts, that is to say, the stud andthe slide, the one with relation to the other one, the ears a sliding in that event in the undercut groove. The arrangement of the parts is such that when theslide c assumes the position shown in Figure 21, the stud z2 may be readily in-- troduced into the corresponding hole of the rip-stock, the guiding ribs e of the slide ing in that event below the corresponding groove in the grip-stock see Figure 24. If the slide then is moved upwards into the position shown in Fi ure 22, the stud is forced by the action of its sprin d outwards into the recess f of the roove o f the slide see Figures 18, 19 andg 22, so that the slide 1s secured against any displacement. The bore for the stud z2 extends across the whole of the width of the grip-stock and the free end of the stud or pin projects a little bit or may be flush with the outer face of the gulpstock. To remove the stud or pin from t pistol it is only necessary to exert a pressure on the free end thereof in the direction of the arrow in Figure 23, whereupon the ears a of the stud or pin will be positioned in front of the undercut parts of the groove b in the slide, so that the latter can again be given the position shown in Figure 24. In this position the stud or pin can be easlly removed from the pistol and the latter then is ready for dismounting.

Accidental separation of the slide from the stud or pin is prevented, when the parts are in the position illustrated by Figures 21 and 24 by the spring d engaging with a shoulder g3 of the slide. In lieu of a spring a springcontrolled stepped pin as, Figure 25 may be used. On the retraction of said pin a3 theslide a and the stud z2 are readily separable.

In the modification shown in Figures 25 to 35 the guiding member k has a guiding groove its as before to engage over the guiding lu Z3 on the enlarged part l of the barrel. he said member h is provided with a longitudinal recess or groove g and a catch spring is embedded in said groove having a cylin rical head 1' fitted in the correspondngly shaped end of the grove g, so that the two ends of the spring are flush or approximately so with the end faces of the member L. 4The spring is prevented from longitudinal displacement within the member z. by the head 1' and its nose s' engaging with corresponding shoulders in the grove g. The nose .s normally projects from the groove upwardly and engages in a slot t -in the barrel, when the pistol is locked, that is to say, when the locking lugs Z1, Z2 engage the corresponding annular grooves in the interior face of the breech-slide i and the latter is interlocked with the barrel.

The lateral faces of the nose s of the spring p are bevelled to 45 to facilitate the alternate engaging and disengaging with respect to the slot t in the barrel. The mechanism'is arranged in such a manner that the catch-spring p cannot be released or disengaged from the slot except by thepositive un ocking of the barrel and breech-slide, that is to say, when the guiding member k has finished' its backward travel and is in engagement with the shoulder g2 of thegri stock. The spring p again engages in t e slot in the barrel when the breech-slide and the guiding member move in forward direction, that is to "say, when the latter is stopped by the stud; or pin z2 and the barrel is rotated for the locking purpose. The catchspring, however cannot be released or disengaged by accident due to sand, grit or the like entering the ath of the barrel, so that the sand or the 1i e cannot cause the barrel and the breech-slide to become ,unlocked and consequently cannot bring about a dirtying or choking of the pistol by powder gases.

What I claim to secure by Letters Patent 1.' In a recoil loading pistol, the combination of a barrel, a grip-stock, a breechslide guided on said grip-stock, a sliding means rotatably engaged with the barrel, and a stop for said sliding means, whereby the barrel is rotated on" the stoppage of the sliding means.

2.l In a recoil-loading pistol, the combination of a barrel, a grip-stock, a breech-slide guided on said grlp-stock, a reciprocating guidin member mounted in a projecting part o said grip-stock a stop for said member and a lug on said barrel cooperative with the guiding member to effect rotation of the barrel on the stoppage of sa'id member.

3. In a recoil-loading pistol, the combination of a barrel, a grip-stock, a breech-slide Aguided on said grip-stock, and normally locked to said' barrel a reciprocating, curvefaced guiding member on said gripstock, and a curve-faced lug on said barrel co-operating therewith, both the said member and the lug having co-acting faces of relatively high pltch.

4. In a recoil-loading pistol, the combination of a barrel, a grip-stock, a breech slide, a slidable guiding member in connection with said grip-stock, a lug on said barrel (Jo-operating with the guiding member, a shoulder on the grip-stock for limiting the movement -of the uiding member in one direction and a stud or pin in said grip-stock for stopping the guidin-g member at the other end of its travel.

5.v In a'recoil-loading4 pistol, the combination of a barrel, a grip-stock, a breech-slide, a slidable guiding member, a lu on the barrel co-operatin with said guiding member, and a shoul er on the grip-stock and a stud or pin in said grip-stock for stopping the sliding member at either end of its travel, said sliding member having a slot in its bottom for the stud or pin to engage therein, said slotbeing of such a length as to determine the extent of the forward stroke of the said guiding member.

In a recoil loading pistol, a guiding mem- ,.'berhaving a-curve-faced top-part, provided with a curve-faced guiding member in one direction, and a slide in connection with said pin or stud adapted to be pushed .intothe gripstock to-lock the said pin or studand in turn to be locked by the stud or pin.

8. In a recoil-loadin pistoha slide having an undercut groove, an a stud or pin having ears engaging said groove, said groove havv ing a recessed or enlarged part for the re- `ception of said ears in case of a certain vmutual displacementA of the parte, to lock the said parts in their assume mutual relation,

-essentially `as set forth.

9. In a recoil-loading` pistol, a guidingv i member comprising a .curve-faced top 'part on said provided with a curve-faced guiding groove for the guiding lugA of the barrel, and also videdwith 'a slot for the abutting pin or stud of the grip-stock, and a resilient locking means carried by saidvmemberV and engage-l able with the barrel; substantially as described.

10. In a recoil-loading pistol', a guiding member comprising a curve-faced top part provided with a curve-*facedv guiding groove for the guiding lug of the barrel, and alsol comprisin a cylindrical bottom part pro=I vided wit a s ot for the abutting pin or stud of the grip stock, and a stationary i catchfspring on said member engaging in a slot in the barrel when the-pistol is locked.

11. A recoil-loading pistol, including a barrel, a grip-stock, a breech-slide guided grip-stock, and means for causing the barrel to rotate after a short movement in axial direction, said means comprising a curve-facedlug on the barrel, a curve-faced guiding-member provided with a slot, and

.an abutting stud or pin engaged in said slot.

12. A recoil-loading` 4pistol including a barrel, a grip-stock, a breech-slide guided on said grip-stock, a reciprocating curvefaced guiding-member mounted in a rojecting vpart of said grip-stock and provided vwith a slot, a correspondingly curve-faced lug on the barrel ada ted to be guided by said member, a shoul er on said grip-stock to limit the backward vstroke of the guiding member, and a stud or pin in the grip-stock projection engaging in said slot to limit the forward stroke of the guiding member.

the guiding member, a stud or pin.

13. A recoil-loading pistol, includin l a barrel, a grip-stock, a breech-slide guide on said grip-stock, -a curve-faced lug on the.

barrel, and a reciprocating guiding member on said grip-stock (3o-operating therewith and having a curve-faced top-part provided -with a guidingl groove for the said barrellug and a cylindrical bottom part provided with a slot for an abuttin stud or pin.

14. A recoil-loading istol, including a barrel, a grip-stock, a reech-slide guided on the grip-stock, a curve-faced lug on the barrel, a reciprocating member co-operating' barrel, a grip-stock, a breech-slide guide on the grip-stock, a curve-faced lug on the barrel, a reciprocating guiding member co-operating therewith and having a curved toppart provided with a curve-faced guidin cove for the said lug and a' cylindrica ottoni part with a slot, a stud or pin engaging in said slot and having ears at one of its ends, a slide in connection with said stud or pin, and a resilient locking means in said guidin member.

16. A recoi -loadin pistol, including a barrel, a grip-stock, a reech-slide guided on the grip-stock, a curve-faced lug on'the barrel, a reciprocable guiding member co-operating therewith and having a curve-faced groove for the lug and a slot in its bottom, a stud or pin engaging in said slot and having two ears at one of its ends, a slide in connection with said stud or pin, and a catch-sprin in said guiding member said barrel having a slot to receive the said spring when the pistol is locked.

17. A recoil-loading pistol, includin a barrel, a grip-stock, a breechslide guide on said grip-stock, a curve-faced lug on the barrel, a reciprocable guiding member havingl correspondingly curved faces to co-o erate therewith and further having a slot in its bottom, a pin in the gripstock engaging in said slot to limit the travel ofthe guiding member in one direction, a shoulder on the grip-'stock to check the travel of said member in the other direction, a slide in connec- -t-ion with said pin, and a catch-spring in said guiding member, the barrel having a slot to receive the spring when the pistol is locked.

, 18. A recoil-loading istol, including a barrel, a grip-stock, a reech-slide guided on said grip-stock, a curve-faced lug on the barrel,'a reciprocating guidin member having correspondingly curved aces to engage therewith and also having a slot in its bottom, pin in the grip-stock havin ears at one o its ends and engaging in said slot to limit the travel of the guiding -member in In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature one direction, a shoulder on the grip-stock in presence of two Witnesses. to confine the travel of the 'ding member A E in the other direction, a. sli e in connection JOS F NICKL' 5 with seid pin, and a catch-spring in said Witnesses: guiding member the barrel having a slot to FRIEDE KLAIBEB, receive the spring when the pistol is locked. E. SoHLmoHmz. 

